Liquid crystal display technology has occupied almost all of the display parts of consumer electronics devices for a long time. In recent years, liquid crystal technology seems to have reached its peak, and various improved technologies have emerged one after another. However, the evolution of history tells us that “the glory is going downâ€, not that LCD technology is regressing, but that the rapidly evolving technology has spawned a new display technology revolution. It is better than liquid crystal. It is the third generation display technology OLED.
Typical representative is the Skyworth OLED organic TV S9 series, which was first mass-produced in the near future. It has all the natural advantages of OLED, such as the most pure black, infinite contrast, high response speed, more natural color performance, and a wider viewing angle. In order to better prove why OLED is a revolutionary technology that surpasses liquid crystal technology, the author will do a structural anatomy on these two technologies, take away the crown on their heads, remove the complicated coat, and restore the most authentic. Internal composition.
The structure of the liquid crystal display technology is very complicated. Firstly, the liquid crystal molecules do not have the property of active illumination, so the backlight source is used to provide a light source for the television image. Generally, the LED light tube is used as a light source around the display screen, and the light is illuminated in the backlight. The board is reflected again. The light at this time may be scattered, and the polarizing plate needs to be adjusted to the same level of direction by the polarizing plate, so that the problem of backlighting is solved. So how can we display colorful colors?
Basic structure of liquid crystal display technology
From the above figure, we can see that the liquid crystal molecules are sandwiched by two glass substrates, the lower glass has a thin film transistor mounted thereon, and the upper glass substrate is closely attached to the color filter. When the current is generated by the transistor to change the electric field, causing the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby changing the polarity of the light, and then using the polarizer to determine the brightness state of the pixel. The upper glass is bonded to the color filter to form three colors of red, blue and green for each pixel. The display screen is composed of many pixels that can emit light of any color, so as long as the individual pixels are controlled to display the corresponding colors, the image output can be achieved.
Basic structure of OLED display technology
However, in contrast, OLED display technology will feel much simpler. The OLED display technology requires no backlight or liquid crystal, and the organic layer can be illuminated by being energized. Each pixel is independently driven by a corresponding circuit, and the thickness of the organic thin film layer can be very small, only about 1,000 to 1,500 A ( 0.10 to 0.15 um).
Basic structure of OLED organic materials
The OLED organic material is composed of a thin and transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) with semiconductor properties, connected to the positive electrode of the power, and another metal cathode, which is wrapped into a sandwich structure. The entire structural layer includes a hole transport layer (HTL), a light emitting layer (EL), and an electron transport layer (ETL). When the power is supplied to an appropriate voltage, the positive hole and the cathode charge are combined in the light-emitting layer to produce light, and three primary colors of red, green, and blue RGB are generated according to the formulation to form a basic color. If you don't understand it, you can think of it directly as our common LED small lamp bead. The principle between them is very similar.
3 colors 4K and 4 colors 4K
Why are Skyworth and LG's OLED organic TVs using a 4-color 4K solution? There are two reasons for this. First, the sub-pixel points of the 3 color 4K OLED are only 3840×2160×3=24,883,200, and the 4 color 4K OLED sub-pixel points are 3840×2160×4=33,177,600, which is ordinary 3 The dice pixel is 1.33 times. Second, the three-color 4K OLED needs to display red, yellow, and green pixels, all of which are bright, low in brightness, large in power consumption, and short in life, but the process is simple. However, the four-color 4K OLED with white pixels has a large brightness, low power consumption and long life, but the process difficulty and cost are high. Skyworth and LG chose a 4-color 4K OLED solution, each of which can independently control light, with clear picture quality and fine color.
Summary: In terms of technology, OLED is definitely superior to LCD. With simpler structure, more direct and effective illumination mode, thinner and safer product form, OLED has become the mainstream display technology in the future. Skyworth and other TV manufacturers seized the opportunity of this rise and paved the way for OLED. The popularity of new technologies will take time, but these times will also allow the product to precipitate, let the market discover, and ultimately let OLED go further.
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