At AT&T 2016 Industry Analyst Summit, held at AT&T's headquarters in Dallas, AT&T outlined its plans for AirGig, 5G and LTE-Advanced technologies.
AirGig may become a fundamental change in network architecture and a real operator difference, but there is still a lot of work to do before AT&T officially deploys AirGig in a commercial network. In terms of 5G and LTE-Advanced, AT&T has a more mature public position. The summit did not bring any surprises in these areas. Instead, the operator emphasized its development status.
Ovum's point of view is that AT&T's AirGig may be a true network breakthrough, but it is too early to make a final judgment. As for LTE-Advanced, AT&T is clearly aware that it must continue to invest in 4G networks, as it takes many years for the 5G to be used for most of the carrier's broadband services.
AT&T's attitude towards AirGigSince AT&T first announced the AirGig program on September 20, 2016, this technology has been attracting industry attention. Daryl Schoolar, principal analyst at Ovum Intelligent Network, said that in order to better understand AirGig, we should start with what it is not (technical). It is not a Broadband over Power Line (BPL) because its signal is only guided by the power line, not directly through the power line.
AirGig uses a lightweight plastic wireless device designed by AT&T that will be deployed on top of the pole. The wireless signal is transmitted through the surface of the wire, using the power line as a guide to the next wireless device or repeater.
AirGig is also not an access solution. Of course, the 60 GHz radio frequency used in the AirGig trial can be used for access, but AirGig itself is not designed to provide access. AT&T can easily use LTE, Wi-Fi or even 5G wireless technology for access. AirGig is actually a point-to-point wireless solution that can be used for front-end and backhaul.
AT&T believes that AirGig provides a new way to deploy small cells and expand network coverage to areas where many traditional infrastructures do not provide economic benefits. Ultimately, the distribution of the power network will provide the backbone structure for the wireless access network. AT&T plans to conduct an AirGig trial in 2017.
AT&T is really vague when it comes to AirGig's technical details. The operator did not elaborate on how the power line actually improved the performance of wireless transmission signals, nor did it provide the size of the new wireless device. AT&T has also not announced any vendor support for this wireless device.
AirGig has not yet been tested (currently), so there is still a lot to explore and discover. For example, because AirGig uses 60 GHz radio frequencies, interference levels from rain, snow, and other environmental factors need to be addressed. At the same time, a key aspect of AirGig's success—the number of wireless devices required per mile—is also a task that needs to be explored.
There is no doubt that AT&T will not use AirGig to replace all telecom towers, but AirGig may be an attractive option where AT&T can access poles. Of course, until the next year AT&T actually experimented, all of this is still speculation.
AT&T continues to reduce speculation on 5GAs expected at the mobile operator's analyst summit, AT&T provides insight into its 5G program:
AT&T remains committed to standards and plans to deploy commercial 5G networks until standards are established. For AT&T, this will happen as early as 2018, as 3GPP expects to standardize 5G wireless solutions for independent 5G by the end of 2017.
AT&T's initial interest in 5G was to enhance bandwidth, both fixed and mobile. In its lab trial of a fixed wireless access solution, AT&T achieved a transmission speed of 14 Gbps for a single user and 5 Gbps for two simultaneous users. Field trials will be conducted in 2017.
· Coverage will be very limited. The higher frequency band spectrum required for the gigabit rate is less penetrating. Therefore, 5G will initially be deployed in what the operator calls the gig area. These small areas have high traffic demands, such as stadiums and city centers. AT&T believes that the old indicators of population coverage do not apply to early 5G networks. AT&T has not yet planned to move the 5G business case to the lower frequency band. It may not be until 2025 that AT&T will begin deploying 5G on the lower frequency bands required for coverage.
AT&T's positioning of 5G shows one of the real challenges facing 5G – coverage and capacity inconsistency. Wanting to support more than one gig speed will require spectrum bands that provide poor coverage. AT&T initially focused on capacity, while AT&T emphasized that LTE will continue to provide services for a long time even after the launch of 5G. LTE will continue to provide the underlying network overlay. And, because the Internet of Things requires extensive coverage, LTE-M and NB-IoT will also have a long life cycle. Until the 5G IoT becomes the primary technology for M2M communication, this may take nearly a decade.
LTE-Advanced is the next stage of AT&T 4G networkAs mentioned in the 5G section, AT&T's LTE network has a long life cycle. The operator's investment in the LTE network will not end soon. In fact, AT&T is improving its 4G network performance.
AT&T's LTE network currently covers 380 million people in the United States and Mexico, including 310 million US people and 70 million Mexicans. The operator plans to achieve 4G network coverage for Mexico's 100 million people by the end of 2018. In the US, AT&T seems to have completed the coverage phase of its network and is now turning its focus to increasing capacity.
In order to improve the network capacity of LTE, AT&T is currently deploying three-carrier aggregation and plans to deploy a four-carrier aggregation in 2017. 256QAM and 4x4 MIMO are also technical options for capacity boost. Other technology options to increase capacity include LTE-LAA and LTE-LWA. These technology options enable AT&T to take advantage of the unauthorized 5 GHz band for additional capacity. With LAA, AT&T is able to aggregate LTE in licensed bands and LTE in the 5 GHz band. With LWA, AT&T is able to aggregate LTE and WiFi. It seems that AT&T plans to use LAA technology outdoors and use LWA technology indoors.
Technical index
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