Abstract : The article first introduces the composition and function of the portable terminal, then introduces the M600 human-machine interface driver module of Beijing Diwen Technology Co., Ltd., then introduces the hardware structure of the display module of the portable terminal, and finally introduces the display boundary of the portable terminal. And design.
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0 Preface
The portable terminal integrates the computer and the display screen into a portable device. Due to the limited space of the portable device, the conventional portable device considers the volume and cost performance requirements, and often uses a combination of a single chip microcomputer and a segment liquid crystal or a small resolution monochrome liquid crystal. The display effect of the portable terminal is extremely general. With the complexity of display requirements, this type of combination has not been able to meet customer needs.
The development of technology has also made another display method possible, that is, the single chip plus TFT color LCD. However, the control interface of the TFT color LCD is generally a bus interface or an RGB interface. The MCU resources are limited. Generally, the TFT color LCD cannot be directly connected. Even if the LCD can be directly controlled, the MCU resources are mostly occupied by the liquid crystal, and the normal operation cannot be completed.
This paper discusses how to use the M600 human-machine interface driver module as a middleware to design the display interface of the portable terminal.
1 Overview of portable terminals
The portable terminal is generally used to connect various types of devices without a human-machine interface, to remotely control the device by operating on the portable terminal, or to inject operating parameters into the device, or to read related information from the device.
Generally speaking, the portable terminal is composed of a controller (usually a single chip microcomputer), a display screen (usually a liquid crystal), a keyboard, and an external interface, as shown in FIG.
The controller is the core of the portable terminal, usually a high-performance single-chip microcomputer for processing various transactions; the display screen and the keyboard are used for human-computer interaction, displaying information and obtaining manual operation commands; and the external interface is used for connecting external devices.
The M600 is used as a portable terminal for displaying middleware, and its composition is as shown in the following figure.
It can be seen that the composition is not much different from that of the conventional portable terminal, and only the M600 is added as a middleware between the display screen and the controller. However, the small change in this final result is a world of difference.
2 M600 Introduction
M600 is the human-machine interface driver module introduced by Beijing Diwen Technology Co., Ltd., which is connected with the controller through serial port to provide a convenient TFT color screen LCD driving method.
Its main features include:
(1) Simple serial interface, the minimum system and user connection only need 3 lines;
(2) Uniform instruction set and hardware interface, user upgrade or compatible design is very easy;
(3) Complete TFT panel interface signal, which can support all digital RGB interface panels;
(4) 65K color, maximum support 800 × 600 resolution, support for the latest DE mode and the traditional SYNC mode;
(5) 32MB font space, a variety of fonts and language choices, including GBK, Unicode encoding and Japanese, Korean, Russian and other multi-national text support; maximum 96MB image storage space, massive user interface, greatly simplifying user interface development, improve Development efficiency; maximum 32MB user database, convenient for data storage applications of measurement and control systems;
(6) Crimp-type FCC cable LCD interface to avoid the "wrong line" problem of traditional cables; different panels can be easily compatible by replacing the cable;
(7) Low power consumption: 3.3V, 115mA;
(8) High reliability: interface 2kV ESD protection, -40 ° C ~ 85 ° C operating temperature range, metal shield package;
(9) It is easy to pass the power level 4 (4kV electrostatic discharge) test;
(10) Small size: 60x37.5×5mm (without pins).
TFT color screen LCD is used as the display interface terminal. The research and development of human-computer interaction part generally includes three parts: “LCD screen driverâ€, “Graphics and text interface function†and “user interface designâ€; M600 completes “LCD screen†"Driver" and "Graphics and Text Interface Functions" work in two parts, and even provide some functions of "user interface design" and even data processing, such as touch screen, pinyin input method, data sorting, data storage, which can be more convenient for users. Design a satisfactory product quickly.
M600 provides users with convenient interface functions, which is convenient for users to carry out secondary development. If the user is most concerned about the display of Chinese characters, the M600 provides four fonts including 12 dot matrix, 16 dot matrix, 24 dot matrix and 32 dot matrix, and the user can expand the font by itself; in addition to the Chinese character display, the M600 also provides Various functions such as setting points, drawing lines, drawing arcs, area filling and picture operations.
3 portable terminal display module
The display module of the portable terminal uses the M600 as the middleware for display; the LQ035NC111 is selected as the display screen.
LQ035NC111 is a TFT color LCD with Taiwan's Qixin Company. Its main indicators are: 3.45 inches in size, 320×240 resolution, 24-bit true color, 400 contrast ratio, 15ms response time and 250cd/m2 brightness. .
The schematic diagram of the display module is shown in Figure 3.
N101 converts +5V to +3.3V to supply power to other chips in the board; D102 converts +5V to +25V to provide backlight power for LCD screen; D104 realizes conversion from TTL level to RS232 level; X101 connects LQ035NC111 LCD screen D105 and X105 are connected to the M600 human-machine interface driver module; X104 is connected to the portable terminal motherboard, and it can be seen that the connection between the display module and the motherboard only requires power and three RS232 data lines, which is very convenient.
4 display interface design of portable terminal
Based on the powerful features of the M600, the interface design is different from the past.
In the past, segmental liquid crystals can only display numbers, letters or preset Chinese by lighting or turning off the liquid crystal segments; small resolution monochrome liquid crystals are limited by resolution (usually 128×64) and colors. The display interface is also relatively monotonous; while the TFT color LCD can achieve a computer-like display.
In order to make a good human-computer interaction display interface in TFT color screen LCD, we must first work on the art, make a preset JPG picture through the artwork, and then save all the pictures into the M600 maximum 96MB image storage. Space, when the menu is displayed, the image is called as required, and then the text is displayed on the image or other images are called to complete the design of the display interface.
For example, a portable terminal designed by our company, the system information interface is first completed by the artist as shown in Figure 4.
Then load other types of information on the interface through the software, the relevant source code is as follows:
It can be seen that the "menu name", "software version information", "cumulative boot time" and "return" shortcut keys are information loaded by writing text, such information is relatively simple, and the calling related function is written at the specified coordinates. Information can be used, such as "M600PuthZLib (96,3,2,2, COLORBLACK, COLORWHITE, "system information");" means black and white Chinese characters on the abscissa 96, ordinate 3 written on the 16-point matrix information".
The loading of "external connection information" and "battery information" is relatively complicated, and it is necessary to load graphic information. The portable terminal stores all the graphic information to be loaded in one picture, as shown in the following figure:
The picture includes multiple graphic information such as external connection information, charging status indication, and battery information.
The external connection information includes the "connected" and "not connected" states, and the source code for loading the external connection information is as follows:
The ShowLink program takes the "connected" or "unconnected" graphic information from the pre-stored graphics information and displays it on the current screen. The final interface is shown in Figure 6.
5 Conclusion
Using the M600 human-machine interface driver module as the display middleware, the single-chip microcomputer can drive the display TFT color screen liquid crystal, so that the portable terminal can design a good display interface.
The interface design method has been applied to a portable terminal of the company, and the design of the human-machine display interface has been fully recognized by the user.
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